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Gainesville is the largest city and county seat of Alachua County, Florida.GR6. Gainesville
is primarily known for being home
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to the University of Florida, the flagship university of the
State University System of Florida and the fourth-largest university
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in the United States. Santa Fe Community College, one of the
nation's largest community colleges, is also located in Gainesville.
The 2000 Census reported the population of Gainesville to be 95,447. Following a successful
annexation in 2002, the U.S. Census
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Bureau estimated a 2004 population of 108,856. However,
the City of Gainesville estimates the 2003 population at 117,182. The Gainesville Metropolitan
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Statistical Area (MSA), which includes Alachua and Gilchrist counties, has a population of
239,114 as of 2005 Census Bureau estimates
Gainesville's original inhabitants were the Timucua Indians. Spanish colonists began cattle
ranching in the Payne's Prairie area using Timucua labor and the largest ranch became known
as LaChua. Though the ranch was eventually
MLS
destroyed by British raiders, it nevertheless gave
its name to the Alachua band of the Seminole tribe who settled in the region in the 1700s under the leadership of the great chief Ahaya the Cowkeeper.
Gainesville was originally formed along the Florida Railroad Company's line stretching from
Cedar Key to Fernandina Beach as
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part of a route eventually carrying cargo from New Orleans
to New York. In 1854 Gainesville became the new Alachua home
County seat (moving from the more populated but inconveniently
located Newnansville). The city is namedfor General Edmund P. Gaines, commander of U.S.
Army troops in Florida during the Second Seminole War.